In both the Senate and House, the seats are arranged in rows in a horseshoe shape. This replicates the layout of Old Parliament House. The Senate. This image is of a large room with red furnishings. There are 3 large chairs at the open end of the U-shaped seats that are elevated above the other chairs. The colours of the rooms are based on those used in the British Parliament, with red for the Senate and green for the House. These traditionally rich colours have been adapted to reflect the Australian landscape—the green used in the House and the red in the Senate are similar to the grey-green and red ochre colours of the Australian landscape.
Each room has a distinctive architectural style. In the Senate, this is based on circles and ellipses; in the House, on angular shapes.
The ceilings provide a striking example of this contrast. It can also be seen in the rooftops of both: the Senate has a circular roof and the House roof is angular. The rooftops are finished with red terracotta tiles. This is a reference to the red-tiled rooftops of many Australian homes. Both rooms have large central roof skylights which let in natural light during the day, and at night glow to indicate Parliament is sitting.
In Old Parliament House, a red light on the roof above the Senate and a green light above the House indicated when each was in session. In both the Senate and House, the colours are a deeper shade at the floor level, which puts the focus on the participants. The colour gradually lightens as it gets closer to the ceiling, where it combines with the natural light from the skylight to give the space above each an airy, floating quality.
The architects intended that this be a 'metaphor for a free and open society'. A clock at Parliament House. This photograph of a clock at Parliament House shows the red and green lights that indicate that the Senate and the House of Representatives bells are ringing.
There are over clocks in Parliament House, fitted with 2 flashing lights which call members of parliament to the Senate or House of Representatives. One light flashes green for the House of Representatives and the other flashes red for the Senate.
They let members of parliament know when a session of Parliament begins, a vote is to be held or if they are needed for other business. When the lights are activated, the sound of a bell rings through loudspeakers in the building. This photograph shows the Cabinet Room in Parliament House including the meeting table with chairs and an Australian flag on the left. Cabinet is made up of the Prime Minister and senior ministers, and is the main decision-making body of the government.
Cabinet usually meets in the Cabinet Room. This room is located on the ground floor of Parliament House opposite the Prime Minister's office and close to the offices of the other ministers. While it is one of the few rooms in the building that has no natural light, the Cabinet Room does not resemble a bunker.
Rather it has a simple 'leanness' that is intended to represent democracy. The architects compared the room, with its smooth, understated and elegant surfaces, to a large passenger ship. The ceiling in the Cabinet Room is finished with timber marquetry panels inlaid with eucalypt leaves, which were designed by Adelaide artist Tony Bishop and made by craftsman Michael Retter. Hidden among the leaves is a cicada, a dragonfly and a blowfly.
Despite these 'bugs', the room is highly secure and is regularly swept electronically because the Cabinet discuss confidential and secret matters which affect the nation. Tony Bishop believes his 'bugs' add a touch of Australian larrikinism and informality. He likes to imagine a minister in the debugged Cabinet Room 'looking at the ceiling, only to find that after all the effort there were still bugs there' Weekend Australian , April 16 Under a large painting there are 2 rows of seats for committee members.
Parliament House contains 19 committee rooms. Although these rooms are parliamentary spaces, they are not used for debating or voting on new laws. The largest of these rooms is the Main Committee Room. It is the only area in the executive wing with a gallery that is open to the public. Like other major spaces in the building, it features a central skylight and timber-panelled walls. The room was designed for committee meetings, hearings, public conferences and televised press conferences.
The Forecourt, which is the main entrance to Parliament House, is designed to invite people into the building to observe the democratic process. A large open space, it is framed by 2 walls that appear to be outstretched as if in a gesture of welcome. The Forecourt is paved with stone and red gravel, with a large ceremonial pool at its centre. In the centre of this pool is a granite mosaic created by Indigenous artist Michael Nelson Jagamara, based on his painting Possum and Wallaby Dreaming.
The mosaic measures 15 by 15 metres and is made up of 90 hand-guillotined granite pieces in 7 different colours. It sits on an island symbolising the Australian continent. The mosaic depicts Jagamara's Dreaming — creation time — ancestors, including the brush-tail possum, red kangaroo, rock wallaby and goanna, gathering for an important ceremony. The tracks of these ancestors are shown moving toward concentric circles in the middle of the mosaic.
Indigenous people use Dreaming stories to pass on knowledge about their country, culture and laws. The mosaic is based on the sand-painting tradition of the Warlpiri people. The Great Verandah. The Great Verandah has a screen wall made up of 22 columns and is topped by a glazed glass roof. The screen wall is clad with slabs of Italian Carrara marble. Each of the 40 millimetre-thick slabs was cut from the same cliff face.
The Great Verandah pays tribute to the tradition of the verandah in Australian homes, which gives shelter from the sun and rain, and is where guests are welcomed and farewelled. This visual link is further emphasised when the 2 buildings are viewed together from the north and it appears that Old Parliament House sits within the curved walls of the new one.
A stainless steel coat of arms, created by Sydney sculptor, Robin Blau, is set into the Great Verandah. Measuring 4 by 4 metres, the work is based on 'rarrk' — crosshatching — a style of painting from Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory, which was developed many thousands of years ago.
Like the Forecourt mosaic, it acknowledges the ongoing contribution of Indigenous people in Australia. Blau also created a coat of arms for the executive wing entrance. Both works were a gift from the Parliament and the people of New South Wales. With its marble surfaces and soft lighting, the Foyer is designed to be a cool and tranquil space in contrast to the open and often sun-drenched Forecourt. Natural light filters from windows and skylights through 48 columns clad in grey-green marble.
The columns create an impression of spaces opening and closing, just as if walking through a forest. The forest of columns divides the Foyer into small bays in which people can assemble.
The floor is geometrically patterned in white marble and black limestone. The limestone, which is about million years old, contains small marine fossils. The Museum of Australian Democracy today occupies Old Parliament House, recognising its historical and social value to the Australian people. The Fraser government established the Parliament House Construction Authority to develop a new building, as the provisional Parliament House has become inadequate to accommodate the needs of the parliament.
The design was selected through an international two-stage competition conducted by the Authority. There were many factors that the designers of Parliament House considered, including its size and its inevitable grandeur. Its relationship to the Burley Griffin plan of the city within which it was to occupy the symbolic centre—the Parliamentary Triangle—was also critical.
The new building was seen as an intimate part of Canberra, but it was designed not to dominate the city. The building should nest with the hill, symbolically rise out of the Australian landscape, as true democracy rises from the state of things.
Further reading. Australian Parliament House is currently closed to the public. Romaldo Giurgola, the principal Architect, said Parliament House could not be built on top of the hill as this would symbolise government imposed on the people Aboriginal artist Kumantye Jagamara designed the square-metre mosaic. The artist described the work and its importance at Parliament House:. The Great Verandah is the public face of Parliament House. It is a space to welcome visitors and is the backdrop for ceremonies on the Forecourt.
The Marble Foyer features 48 marble columns that evoke the muted pinks and greens of the Australian landscape as well as the colours of the two Parliamentary Chambers, clad in green Cipollino marble from Italy and creamy pink Atlantide Rosa marble from Portugal.
The two marble staircases feature stone finials created by Sydney sculptor Anne Ferguson, which were inspired by the seed forms of Australian trees. The floor has a series of circles, semi-circles and triangles of Paradise White marble and black Granitello Nero limestone from Belgium.
The limestone is full of fossils of sea life that existed some million years ago. You can see the remains of ancient corals, sponges and crinoids, or 'sea lilies'. The walls feature twenty marquetry panels depicting Australian native flora, designed by Adelaide artist Tony Bishop and produced by Michael Retter, The six panels above the entrance feature plants traditionally used by Aboriginal people, and those on the southern side feature plants collected by Sir Joseph Banks in The Great Hall is the venue for large formal receptions, dinners and significant national major events.
Woven in four separate pieces, it took fourteen full-time weavers more than two years to complete. The timber walls that surround the two levels of the Hall are made from a variety of timbers, including limed white birch, brushbox and jarrah. The parquetry floor is made of jarrah, with inlays of blackbutt and ebony. The ebony was a gift from the people of Papua New Guinea.
It is located at the intersection of the north-south land axis and the east-west legislative axis, directly under the flag mast and between the Senate and the House of Representatives chambers. Round timber clad columns align with timber panels inlaid on the first floor which feature a bronze Federation Star, representing each of the states and mainland territories of Australia.
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